Treating ballast water with hydroxyl radical on introduced organisms   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

张芝涛  白敏菂肖宇 白敏冬杨波  白希尧 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2006,24(2):161-167

1 INTRODUCTION The introduction of invasive marine species into new environments by ship’s ballast water, by attaching to ships’ hulls or via other vectors has been recognized as one of the four major threats to the world’s oceans by Global Environment…  相似文献   

Seasonal changes in interstitial salinities and seasonal movements of subtidal benthic invertebrates in the Fraser River estuary,B.C.     

Peter M. Chapman  Ralph O. Brinkhurst 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1981,12(1):49-66

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Toxicity of Arsenic to Photobacterium phosphoreum,Daphnia magna,and Danio rerio at Different pH Levels          下载免费PDF全文

Qun He  Ruijuan Qu  Xinghao Wang  Zhongbo Wei  Ping Sun  Zunyao Wang 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2016,44(1):72-77

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烟台市龙口港污损生物生态研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冷宇  李继业  刘一霆  赵升  刘旭东 《海洋通报》2012,31(4):454-459

于2007年03月22日至2008年03月21日在山东省烟台市龙口港附近海域,进行了为期1年的挂板试验,本次调查共记录该海域污损生物32种,优势种为内枝多管藻(Polysiphonia morrowii)、软丝藻(Ulothrix flacca.)、肠浒苔(Entermorpha intestinalis)、中胚花筒螅(Tubularia mesembryanthemum)等.该海域全年均有污损生物附着,月板平均生物量为525.18 g/m2,5-11月的生物附着量较高,最高值出现在7月;季板平均生物量为1569.39 g/m2,生物群落的种类组成和生物量变化明显,其中秋季板生物量最高,龙口海域污损生物的附着种类受季节性水温变化的影响比较明显,藻类开始附着的温度低于动物.4个季度污损生物的种群多样性指数(H忆)春季最高,均匀度指数(J)和种群丰富度指数(M)则夏季最高.统计分析表明,龙口港海域污损生物群落可大致划分为 4个组群,秋季附着的污损生物代表了试验海域的主要特征,同时揭示出污损生物附着季节、演替时间长短等是影响群落种类组成的重要因素  相似文献   

Removing vessels from the water for biofouling treatment has the potential to introduce mobile non-indigenous marine species     

Ashley D.M. Coutts  Joseph P. Valentine  Adam Davey 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(9):1533-1540

Vessels found contaminated with biofouling non-indigenous marine species are predominantly removed from the water and treated in vessel maintenance facilities (i.e., slipways, travel lifts and dry-docks). Using pre-fouled settlement plates to simulate a vessel’s removal from the water for treatment, we demonstrate that a range of mobile organisms (including non-indigenous marine species) may be lost to the marine environment as a consequence of this process. We also determined that different levels of biofouling (primary, secondary and tertiary) and emersion durations (0.5, 5 and 15 min) affected the abundance and composition of mobile taxa lost to the marine environment. Primary biofouling plates lost 3.2% of total animals, secondary plates lost 19.8% and tertiary plates lost 8.2%, while hanging duration had only minor effects. The results suggest that removing vessels contaminated with biofouling non-indigenous marine species from the water for treatment may not be as biosecure as is currently recognised.  相似文献   

Occurrence and levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in recent sediments and marine organisms from Xiamen offshore areas, China   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Qingzhao Li  Changzhou Yan  Zhuanxi Luo 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(3):464-4627

Surface sediments and porewater from 12 sites within Xiamen offshore areas and organisms from a heavily contaminated site Yuandang Lagoon were sampled and analyzed for eight polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) congeners (-28, -47, -99, -100, -153, -154, -183 and -209). The total concentrations of eight PBDEs (∑₈PBDEs) and BDE-209 in sediments ranged from 0.27 to 76.54 ng/g with an average of 16.31 ng/g and from 0.10 to 70.11 ng/g with an average of 14.94 ng/g, respectively. Concentrations of ∑₈PBDEs in porewater ranged from 2.5 to 34.1 ng/L, with a mean value of 15.3 ng/L. In this study, the partition coefficients (log ) of PBDE congeners (without -209) were significantly correlated with their octanol-water partition coefficients (log K_OW) (r² = 0.74, P < 0.01). ∑₈PBDE concentrations ranged from 0.33 to 1.26 ng/g (lipid weight) in marine organisms, and PBDE congener patterns were significantly different between fish and clam, crab.  相似文献   

东海污损生物群落研究 Ⅱ.数量组成和分布     

曾地刚  蔡如星  黄宗国  邵晓阳  王海明  王一军 《海洋学研究》1999,(1)

东海表层板污损藻类月平均湿重为２１０．８ｇ／ｍ２。底层板污损动物的月平均湿重为４９４．５ｇ／ｍ２。以甲壳动物的数量占绝对优势,其次为腔肠动物,其余各类群占比例较小。不同类型海域污损藻类的月平均湿重为远岸区高于近岸区高于内湾区高于河口区。污损动物的月平均湿重为远岸区高于内湾区高于近岸区高于河口区。污损生物数量有明显的季节变化。藻类的季节变化大;污损动物以夏、秋数量最大,冬、春数量小  相似文献   

患"颤抖病"中华绒螯蟹体内类立克次体生物的寄生   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

顾志峰  王文  杜开和  吴庆龙  李文朝  陈亚芬 《湖泊科学》2000,12(3):289-290

中华绒螯蟹（以下简答河蟹）“颤抖病”是近几年来我国河蟹养殖区危害最大的病害之一,对取自江苏省淮阴地区的病蟹进行的组织和超微结构研究显示,在所有病触体内均发现大量寄生的类立克次体生物,而在取自未发病区域的健康河蟹体内没有发现类立克次体生物,类立克次生物主要分布在河蟹的肌肉组织、结缔组织和血细胞内,它可以破坏河蟹肌细胞的肌纤维的肌纤维,损害运动系统,这与河蟹的颤抖现象相吻合,因此作者推断它有可能是引发  相似文献   

Vulnerability of marine biodiversity to ocean acidification: A meta-analysis     

I.E. Hendriks  C.M. Duarte  M. Álvarez 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

The ocean captures a large part of the anthropogenic carbon dioxide emitted to the atmosphere. As a result of the increase in CO₂ partial pressure the ocean pH is lowered as compared to pre-industrial times and a further decline is expected. Ocean acidification has been proposed to pose a major threat for marine organisms, particularly shell-forming and calcifying organisms. Here we show, on the basis of meta-analysis of available experimental assessments, differences in organism responses to elevated pCO₂ and propose that marine biota may be more resistant to ocean acidification than expected. Calcification is most sensitive to ocean acidification while it is questionable if marine functional diversity is impacted significantly along the ranges of acidification predicted for the 21st century. Active biological processes and small-scale temporal and spatial variability in ocean pH may render marine biota far more resistant to ocean acidification than hitherto believed.  相似文献   

The nature and extent of organisms in vessel sea-chests: A protected mechanism for marine bioinvasions     

Coutts AD  Dodgshun TJ 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,54(7):875-886

A total of 150 different organisms, including one plant species and 12 animal phyla were identified from sea-chests of 42 vessels visiting or operating in New Zealand between May 2000 and November 2004. Forty-nine percent of organisms were sessile, 42% mobile adults and the remaining 9% sedentary. Decapods were the most represented group with 19 species present among 79% of vessels. Forty percent of organisms were indigenous to New Zealand, 15% introduced, 10% non-indigenous, and 35% of unknown origin. Sea-chests have the potential to (1) transfer non-indigenous organisms between countries across oceanic boundaries; and (2) disperse both indigenous and introduced organisms domestically. The occurrence of adult mobile organisms is particularly significant and indicates that sea-chests may be of greater importance than ballast water or hull fouling for dispersing certain marine species. These findings emphasise the need to assess and manage biosecurity risks for entire vessels rather than different mechanisms (i.e., ballast water, hull fouling, sea-chests, etc.) in isolation.  相似文献